(2020·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)Pleasetakeafewsecondsandthinkofyourp...

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(2020·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)Please take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you're going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn't it feel good to say it out loud? Don't you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.

Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it.  Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you'd actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges (承认) it, psychologists have found it's called a “social_reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that it's already done.  And then, because you've felt that satisfaction, you're less motivated to do the actual and necessary hard work. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should  tell  our friends  our goals, right?

In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a professor of psychology, wrote a whole book about this.  And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment (承诺) to this goal to the room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Finally those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。实现一个目标需要做一些工作。试验表明，在实现目标之前就告诉别人你的目标并得到别人的认可，则有可能使你感到满意，陷入目标已完成的错觉，从而动力减少，不能很好地去工作；而在实现目标之前没有说出目标则会使你工作更努力。

5．What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Completion of the goal.

B．Necessary hard work.

C．People's acknowledgement.

D．A sense of satisfaction.

6．What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?

A．Writing down the goal is very helpful.

B．Achieving personal goal needs more time.

C．Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.

D．Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.

7．How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people's goal?

A．By giving figures.

B．By giving examples.

C．By making a survey.

D．By making comparison tests.

8．What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?

A．You will be more confident.

B．You will not gain satisfaction.

C．You are less likely to realize it.

D．You'll be much more motivated.

【回答】

5.A　推理判断题。根据画线词组后一句“The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that it's already done.”并结合画线词组所在句可推知，social reality在此处意为“目标的完成”。

6.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Finally those who kept their mouths shut ... to achieving their goal.”可推知，Peter Gollwitzer想告诉我们：没有说出目标让人们工作更努力。

7.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Peter Gollwitzer把所测试的对象分成两部分，一半说出自己的目标，一半没有说出目标，每个人都给了45分钟，他们可以随时停止。试验表明，没有说出目标的人平均工作了45分钟，而说出目标的人平均工作33分钟。由此可知，Peter Gollwitzer是通过进行比较测试来*他的观点的，故选D。

8.C　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容，尤其是最后一句中的“because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it”可推知，如果你把目标告诉你的朋友，你实现目标的可能*会变小，故选C。

知识点：人生百味类阅读

题型：阅读理解