(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Beforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthrough...
问题详情：
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, But at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the“penny paper”—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper；perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged—and some of the older wellknown papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for“the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国报纸大众化的发展过程。
12．Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?
A．Academic. B．Unattractive.
C．Inexpensive. D．Confidential.
13．What did street sales mean to newspapers?
A．They would be priced higher.
B．They would disappear from cities.
C．They could have more readers.
D．They could regain public trust.
14．Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
A．Local politicians. B．Common people.
C．Young publishers. D．Rich businessmen.
15．What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?
A．It was a difficult process.
B．It was a temporary success.
C．It was a robbery of the poor.
D．It was a disaster for printers.
【回答】
12.B 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知，当时的美国报纸既枯燥又在视觉上令人生畏，故选unattractive “不吸引人的”。
13.C 推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段可知，报纸当时的变化趋势是越来越面向大众，变得更便宜，而且在街上就可以买到一份报纸，由此可推断报纸的街头销售意味着“报纸可以拥有更多的读者”，故选C项。
14.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，报纸发展的新趋势的目标读者是普通人，故选B项。
15.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，报纸的大众化新趋势进展得并不容易，经过了早期一些企业的失败，然后通过一些年轻而勇敢的商人的努力才成功，由此推知，大众报的出现不是一帆风顺的，故选A项。
知识点：*经济文化类阅读
题型：阅读理解
