LastJune,aviolentstormhitSydney,Australia.Ithammeredthe...

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Last June, a violent storm hit Sydney, Australia. It hammered the coastline with waves up to eight meters high that sent water surging up to 50 meters inland.

The disaster illustrates why we fear the ocean so much. “We love the sea. We live near it and even dream about living under it,“said Emma Johnson, a British ecologist. “But we’re also terrified of it. Almost every culture has a flood myth of some kind.”

For much of making’s history, the response to this fear has been trying to control the ocean. We build dams and sea walls, trying to tame the wildness of the ocean. Consequently, we have been invading further and further into the marine environment. In China, for example, at least 60 percent of the coastline has been built upon. Such invasions, however, risk doing permanent harm to marine environments. Structures like piers can create shade that reduces algal(海藻类的)growth and makes it easier for invasive species to take root. Bright lights at night, meanwhile, confuse species such as turtles that use light to navigate.

Then, it is possible for us to co-exist with our oceans? Johnson believes the answer is yes. She says all around the world, people are starting to build with nature, instead of against it.

One way to do this is to design architecture that not only achieves its structural purpose but also provides habitats for the local marine creature. Along the waterside development in Sydney Harbor, a sandstone wall provides seating for humans. It also offers an attractive home for marine life. As a naturally occurring local material, sandstone appears quite familiar to Sydney Harbor’s marine creature. The sea wall has already been colonized by Kelp(巨藻),which is particularly good at improving water quality.

Twelve harbors around the world are now taking part in such “blue engineering.’’ Each of them works with its own unique marine life.

“Every time I drive, I realize how little we know about how marine environments work,” Johnson says. Fortunately, with a mindset(观念)of blue engineering, she feels there is much hope.” I am looking forward to a new era of construction in marine environments.

44. People fear the oceans because .

A. ocean storms cause huge damage to humans B. people are powerless before the oceans.

C. ocean waves always break deep into the land D. different people tell different stories

45. What does the third paragraph imply about the people’s response to ocean in history?

A. They have been trying to bring oceans under control.

B. Dams and sea walls effectively reduce the power of oceans.

C. Ocean algal helps marine plants to grow much faster.

D. People’s invasion into oceans has upset the marine environment.

46. What does the author suggest humans should do to co-exist with oceans?

A. Build walls to keep humans away from the marine creatures

B. Balance the activities between humans and marine species.

C. Improve the quality of the ocean water for marine creatures.